Interrupter.



R. H. WAPPLER.

INTERRUPTER.

APPLIOATION FILED 00T. 6, 1909. 1,003,222. Patented Sept. 12,1911.

2 SHEETS-BHEET 1. F/cr. l. 2

immuni? 2 i Nym INVENTOR WITNESSES: UWM

R.H.wArPLBe INTERRUPTER.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 6, 1909.

1 ,003,222, K Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

2 SHEETS-BBBET 2.

Le INVENTOR WITNESSES; wda/ZI/Ww COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CD.,w^sHxNuTON. D, c.

UNTTFD STATES PATENT OFFICE.

REINHOLD H. WAPPLER, OF--NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 WAPPLER ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A COR PORATION OF NEW YORK.

INTERRUPTER.

To all whom it may comme:

Be it known that T, Barni-tono H. VilarrLnn, a citizen of the United States, residing` in the borough ot' Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in lnterrupters, ot which the following is a speciiication.

My present invention relates to an interruptor for electric c' 1cuits tor use in X-ray and similar work and is an improvement upon the apparatus shown and described in Letters Patent No. 929,353, granted July 27, 1909, to the VVappler Electric Controller' Company, as my assignee, for an interrupter apparatus.

The apparatus shown and described in the Letters Patent aforesaid, as well as that comprising my present invention relate particularly to mechanical interrupters for electric circuits as distinguished from electrolytic interrupters, the. apparatus being designed to be employed with an alternating current such as ordinarily supplied for light and other service.

In the apparatus described in the Letters Patent aforesaid, a rectifier was employed tor the purpose ot making effective only the positive impulses ot the electric circuit in passing through the coil to set up a iiuX in the magnetic circuit, so that this magnetic flux due to the ettect of the rectifier, varied substantially from Zero to a positive maximum.

Now in the apparatus comprising` my present invention, T have dispensed with the use ot a rectitier, per se, and employ together with the means for setting up a variable iluX in the magnetic circuit, means whereby the variable flux set up in the magnetic circuit is alternately augmented and substantially neutralized electrically so that the magnetic flux in this apparatus also varies trom a positive maximum to zero to operate an armature or other device for closing the magnetic circuit to operate contacts at which the make and break of the electric circuit occurs in that circuit employed for X-ray or other work.

In carrying out my present invention, I preferably employ separable make and break contacts, a magnetic circuit including means whereby the same may be made or broken.r means for setting` up a variable magnetic iiux in the said magnetic circuit, means whereby the said magnetic flux is Speciiicaticn of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 12, 1911,

Application filed October 6, 1909.

Serial No. 521,259.

alternately augmented and substantially neutralized and means operated by the opening and closing ot the magnetic circuit in actuating the said separable contacts, as will be hereinafter more particularly described.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a plan ot' an interruptor co-nstructed in accordance with my present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross section on line 2, 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a side elevation and partial section showing the separable contacts and associated parts in elevation and the base in section; the iigure being on a larger scale than that shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the circuits included in the interrupter comprising my present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the interrupter apparatus comprising my present invention is mounted upon a suitable base 10 which may be made of hard rubber or any other similar suitable material. This base 10 is provided in suitable positions with binding posts indicated at 11, 12, 13, and 14; and 15 and 1G respectively represent the end members of the frame in which are mounted an alternating current coil 17 and a direct current coil 1S. The alternating current coil 17 is wound with comparatively heavy wire, whereas the direct current coil 18 is wound with relatively tine wire.

The end members 15 16 of the coil frame are connected to and supported upon the base-bars 19, 20; the opposite ends ot both of which are recessed to be received in binding posts 11 to 14 inclusive; the ends ot the base-bar 19 being received and clamped in the binding posts 11 and 12, and the ends of the base-bar 20 being similarly received and clamped in the binding posts 18 and 14.

21 designates a yoke preferably of lami- A nated iron, the respective ends of which pass through and form the cores of the alternating current coil 17 and direct current coil 18 which latter is provided with binding post terminals 22, 23, from which suitable wires may be led to any convenient source of direct current of electricity.

24 represents an armature bar which at one end is suitably connected to a post 25 by means of screws 26 or otherwise, and this post 25 is journaled at its lower end in the toot 27 which is secured to the base 10. Secured to the armature bar 24 is an armature 28 which like the bar yoke 21 is preterably made of laminated iron and is placed in such a position on the armature bar 24 as to span the extremities et the limbs ot the yoke 21 and come into contact with the extremities thereof, and the tace ot the armatine 28 may be 1)ro-vided with a strip of ielt or other similar material indicated at 29. On the side ot' the armature bar opposite that to which the armature 28 is secured, l prefer to employ a strap indicated at 30. Swiveled in this strap SO is a button 3l and extending between the button 3l and an adjusting screw 32 is a spring 83; the adjusting screw 32 passing' through the parts ot the split post 34; the function o1" the spring 33 manifestly being; to normally maintain the armature bar and its armature 28 away from and out oit contact with any extremities of the limbs of the bar yoke 2l7 and the adjusting1 screw 32 may be secured in any desired position in the post- 34 by means ot the clamp screw or otherwise.

36 represents a split post suitably secured in the base 10 and passing through this split post 36 is a positioning` screw 37, the end of which is adapted to come in contact with the face of the armature bar 24 to determine the extent ot movement of the armature bar and its armature, and this positioning screw 37 may be clamped in place in the post 36 by means oit the screw 8S or otherwise, and manifestly in a normal condition the armature bar 24 is maintain-ed against the end of the screw 37 by the action of the spring 33.

On the base 10 is secured a suitable upright 3S provided at its opposite ends with split posts 39 40. In the post 89 there is placed an adjusting screw 4l and in the post 40 there is suitably mounted a sleeve 42. On the sleeve 42 between the posts 39 and 40 there is a collar 43 and surrounding the sleeve 42 and extending between the collar 43 and the adjacent faces ot the post 40 is a spring 44 the function ot which is to maintain one end of the sleeve 42 in contact with the end of the adjusting` screw 4l. This sleeve 42 is also provided longitudinally with a recess 45 and extending through one Vmember of the split post 40 there is a pin or screw 4G, the inner end of which extends into the recess 45 so that the sleeve 42 is prevented trom rotating and moving revolubly to any extent when adjusted longitudinally. Passing centrally into and secured within the sleeve 42 is a rod 47 and secured to the outer end ot this rod 47 is a normally stationary but adjustable contact 48 at which t-he circuit for the X-ray or other apparatus is made or broken. The Contact 48 is provided with a collar 49 to which is connected a terminal 50 and the terminal 50 is connected to a binding post 51 of the base 10 by means of any suitable electrical conductor as indicated at 52.

On the base l() and preferably in alinement with the upright 38 is another upright this upright o3 is also provided with posts indicated. at 54, 55, and jntssiiig` through and journaled in the posts 54, 55, and in alinement with the rod 47 is a rod 56. Between the posts 54 and 55 the rod 56 is provided with a collar 57 and extendingl between the collar 57 and the adjacent tace ot the post 54 and surrounding the rod 56 there is a spring 5S. @n the rod 56 exteriorly otl the post is a contact 5) similar in all respects to the contact 48 and between which as aforesaid an electric current is made and broken. The contact 59 is also provided with a collar 60 to which is secured a terminal Gl and extending between the terminal 6l and the binding post 62 secured in the base l0 there is an electrical connection 63 similar to th-e connection 52, the collar 57 abutting against the adjacent tace ot the post terms a stop -tor the rod 56 and the terminal 5), and exteriorly of the postI 54 there is secured to the rod 56 a crosspiece 64, which may be secured in position thereon by being` passed over a reduced screw threaded end ot the rod 56 which is provided with a nut 65 or otherwise.

Secured in and extending from the post I may employ a pin 66 which also passes slidalny through an aperture provided theretor in the cross-piece 64 in order to prevent the revoluble movement ot the rod 56 and its terminal contact in the reciprocating movement thereof.

rl'fhe hcreinbeiiore described parts are so placed tlnt the outer or tree end of the armature bar extends under the rod 56 and is adapted to contact with the crosspiece 64 so that in the \fibratin movement ot the armature bar 24 and its armature during the operation ot the apparatus a reciprocating movement will be imparted to the rod and its contact 59; the right to lett movement being' etliected by the attraction ot the armature and the lett to right movement being ett'ected by the springl 5S.

rEhe base l0 is provided with terminal contacts 67, 68 to which the terminals ot a condenser 69 may be electrically connected and the base 10 is also provided with binding` posts 70, 7l, between which a suitable resistance 72 tor the alternating current coil may be electrically connected. On the base l0 there are also binding` posts designated by the nun'ierals l, 2 and 3.

The terminals of any suitable alternating current conductor indicated at 73 are connected to the binding posts 2 and 5% in the use ot the apparatus. The bindingl post 3 is connected to the binding post- 51 by a wire 74 and the binding post 51 is connected to the binding post 6'! by a wire 75; the binding` post 68 being` connected to the binding post 62 by a wire 76 and the binding` post 62 is connected to a binding post 1 by a wire 77.

Between the binding posts 1 and 2 there are connected in the circuit an induction coil whose .primary winding is indicated at 78 and a secondary winding is indicated at 7 9, a suitable resistance 8O and a switch 81; the wire 82 leading from one terminal of the switch to the binding post 2.

A wire 83 connects the binding post 3 with the binding post 11 and the base-bar 19 of the magnet frame to which also is electrically connected one end of the alternating current coil 17, the other end of which coil is electrically connected to the base-bar 2O which as will be understood is connected electrically with the binding post 14 from which a wire 84 is connected to the binding post 70.

-Between the posts and 71 there is as aforesaid a resistance 72 and a wire 85 is electrically connected between the binding post 71 and the terminal 86 to the switch 81; the terminal 87 of the switch being the one which is as aforesaid connected by the wire 82 to the binding post 2.

The direct current coil 18 in the use of the apparatus has its binding posts 22, 23, electrically connected across the terminals of any suitable source of direct current electricity hereinafter called circuit a. i/anifestly the circuits supplied by the alternator 73 are in parallel; the one passing by way of the terminal 3 through the wire 83 to the post 11, through the alternating cui'- rent coil 17, the post 14 by way of the wire 84, post 70, through the resistance 72, post 71, through the wire 85, the switch 81, wire 82, binding post 2 back to the opposite terminal and alternator 73, hereinafter called circuit Z), and the other circuit in parallel is by way of the wire 74, through the post 51, through the connection 52 to the contact 48 and the contact 59; the connection 63 to the post 62, the wire 77, to the binding post 1, through the primary 78 of the induction coil, through the resistance 80, through the switch 81 by the wire 82 from both circuits to the binding post 2 in the opposite terminal of the alternator 73 hereinafter called circuit c.

Now it will be manifest that in the circuit b through`the alternating current coil 17 the current varies from a positive to a negative maximum and consequently the effect of this coil on the yoke and core of the magnet is to set up a magnetic flux therein which will also vary from a positive to a negative maximum, and thereby the armature of the yoke will be attracted twice during each cycle of the current, that is, once for each reversal of the current, but the direct current coil in circuit a is so designed that the current therein will set up a magnetic iuX in the yoke core of the magnet which will tend to augment the flux set up by the positive impulse of the alternating current in the alternating current coil in circuit b and to substantially neutralize the magnetic flux set up by the negative impulse of the alternating current by the alternating current coil in this circuit, whereby only the positive impulse of the alternating current is employed in actuating the apparatus to separate the contact points in circuit c, and by this arrangement l am enabled to obtain a slow make and a sudden break of the circuit at these contact points 48, 59.

l claim as my invention:

1. An interrupter comprising separable make and break contacts, a U-shaped magnetic core, a direct current coil on one limb of the said core, an alternating current coil on the other limb of the said core and means operative through the influence of the magnetic flux set up in the said core by the passage of electric currents through said coils for actuating the said contacts to make and break an electric circuit.

2. A circuit interrupter comprising separable make and break contacts, a magnetic circuit including means whereby the same may be opened and closed, an alternating current coil and means for supplying an alternating current for setting up an alternating magnetic flux in the said magnetic circuit, means whereby the magnetic flux set up in the magnetic circuit is alternately augmented and substantially neutralized, and means actuated by the said means whereby the magnetic circuit may be opened and closed for operating the said contacts to make and break an electric circuit thereat.

3. A circuit interrupter comprising a base, separable make and break contacts thereon,y a magnet core, an alternating current coil for setting up a variable magnetic flux in the said magnet core, means whereby said magnetic flux set up in the said magnet core is alternately augmented and substantially neutralized, a device adapted to be attracted to the said magnet core to close the magnetic circuit therethrough, means for moving the said device in the opposite direction for normally maintaining the saine iii such position that the said magnetic circuit is open, means operated by the movement of the said device for actuating the said variable contacts to make and break an electric circuit thereat.

4. A circuit interrupter comprising a base, separable make and break contacts thereon, a magnet core, means for setting up a variable magnetic flux in the said magnet core, a direct current coil wound on said magnet core to alternately augment and substantially neutralize the variable magnetic flux set up in the said magnet core, a device adapted to be attracted to the said magnet core to close the magnetic circuit therethrough, means for moving the said device in the opposite direction for normally maintaining the same in such position that the said magnetic circuit is open, means operated by the movement of the said device for actuating the said variable contacts to make and break an electric circuit thereat.

5. fr circuit interruptor comprising a base, separable make and break contacts thereon, a yoke magnet core, an alternating current coil on one limb of the said magnet core for setting up a variable magnetic flux therein, a direct current coil on the other limb of the said magnet core for alternately augmenting and substantially neutralizing the variable magnetic flux set up in the said magnet core by the alternating current coil, a device adapted to be attached to the said magnet core to close the magnetic circuit therethrough, means for moving the said device in the opposite direction for normally maintaining the same in such position that the said magnetic circuit is open, means operrated by the movement of the said device for actuating the said variable contacts to make and break an electric circuit thereat.

G. A circuit interrupter comprising a base, separable make and break contacts thereon, a yoke magnet core, an alternating current coil on one limb of the said magnet core for setting up a. variable magnetic flux therein, a direct current coil on the other limb of the said magnet core for alternately augmenting and substantially neutralizing the variable magnetic tluX s-et up in the said magnet core by the alternating current coil, an armature pivotally mounted and adapted to swing against the extremities of t-he limbs of the said magnet core to close the magnetic circuit therethrough, means for moving the said armature in the opposite direction and means operated by the movement of the said armature for actuating the said separable contacts to make and break an electric circuit thereat.

A circuit interrupter comprising a base, separable make and break contacts thereon, a yoke magnet core, an alternating current coil on one limb of the said magnet core for setting up a variable magnetic flux therein, a direct current coil on the other limb of the said magnet core for alternately augmenting and substantially neutralizing the variable magnetic flux set up in the said magnet core by the alternating current coil, an armature pivotally mounted and adapted to swing against the extremities of the limbs of the said magnet core to close the magnetic circuit therethrough, means for moving' the said armature in the opposite direction, means for adjusting and determining the extent of movement of the said armature and means operated by the movement of the said armature for actuating the said separable contacts to make and break an electric circuit thereat.

8. A circuit interrupter comprising a base, separable make and break contacts thereon, a yoke magnet core, an alternating current coil on one limb of the said magnet core for setting up a variable magnetic flux therein, a direct current coil on the other limb of the said magnet core for alternately augmenting and substantially neut 'alizing the variable magnetic flux set up in the said magnet Core by the alternating current coil, an armature pivotally mounted and adapted to swing against the extremities of the limbs of the said magnet core to close the magnetic circuit therethrough, means whereby the said armature is moved in the opposite direction, a spring for moving the armature in the opposite direction, means for varying the tension of the said spring and means operated by the movement of the said armature for actuating the said separable contacts to make and break an electric circuit thereat.

9. A circuit interruptor comprising a base, a post mounted on said base, a sleeve slidably secured in said post, means for adjusting the said sleeve to a predetermined position in the said post, means for preventing the turning of said sleeve within the said post during the adjustment thereof, a contact connected to the said sleeve, a movable contact mounted in alinement with the aforesaid contact, a magnetic circuit including means whereby the same may be made and broken, means for setting up a variable magnetic flux in the said magnetic circuit, means whereby the said variable magnetic flux is alternately augmented and substantially neutralized and means operated by the opening and closing' of the said magnetic circuit for reciprocating the said movable contact to make and break an electric circuit between the same and the first aforesaid contact.

l0. A circuit interrupter comprising a base, a post mounted thereon, a sleeve slidably mounted in said post and provided longitudinally in the surface with a recess, a pin passing through said post into the said recess to prevent the turning of the said sleeve in the longitudinal movement thereof, A

alternately augmented and substantially Signed by me this 30th day of September neutralized and means operated by the 1909.

openno' and ClosnO of the said magnetic T i [7 Creutbfor recp'oextng the said movable REBHOLD H' A APPLER' Contact t0 make and break an electric circuit llltnesses:

between the same and tbe rst aforesaid GEO. T. PINCKMEY7 Contact. E. ZACHARIASEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve' cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

